Green energy definitions
The term “green electricity” is not always as transparent as it initially appears. There is no single definition of what constitutes “green”, particularly in relation to energy supply. Ofgem uses the following definitions in their 2002 publication, Guidelines on Green Supply Offerings:
- ‘Green supply offering’ refers to any contractual arrangement between an electricity supplier and a consumer where it is claimed that the supply will give rise to environmental benefit. These arrangements are variously described elsewhere as ‘green power’, ‘green offerings’ and ‘green tariffs’.
- ‘Energy-based green offering’ refers to supply contracts where there is a direct relationship between energy supplied and the purchase of energy by the supplier; e.g. the supplier undertakes to match all or a fixed percentage of a consumer’s energy supply with purchases of electricity from renewable sources.
Ofgem’s publication focuses on domestic supply and states that its purpose is not to set a strict definition for what constitutes ‘green energy’, but it is helpful to use these definitions to achieve some general consistency. In the UK green offerings focus on technologies that use renewable energy and minimise, or entirely avoid, emissions of greenhouse gases. The Utilities Act 2000 defines renewable sources as ‘sources of energy other than fossil fuel or nuclear fuel.’
The five main types of renewal energy technologies include:
- onshore and offshore wind power;
- water (hydro power, wave power and tidal energy);
- solar energy (both active and passive solar heating as well as photovoltaics);
- geothermal energy;
- biofuels (e.g. all types of biomass, including the biodegradable fraction of energy from waste, landfill gas, sewage gas, agricultural and forestry residues, and energy crops).
How having a green electricity supply actually works
The largest electricity suppliers buy electricity generated by a mix of sources from the wholesale market to sell to their consumers. As awareness of environmental issues increases, smaller companies offering renewable electricity are becoming increasingly popular. However, their customers cannot simply be connected directly to a renewable power generator for their energy. None of the suppliers are able to precisely control the megawatts used by their consumers.
With the exception of off-grid installations such as private solar panels on buildings, all the electricity generated by the different sources around the UK goes into the transmission system run by National Grid and local distribution network operators. So, megawatts generated by wind turbines get mixed with those generated by coal power stations, and the electricity entering buildings around the country comes from a mix of sources. However, each consumer’s choice of electricity supplier impacts on the overall mix of electricity in the transmission system.
Renewable suppliers match the amount of electricity their consumers use with the amount they buy from renewable sources; therefore, the more homes and businesses who switch to renewable suppliers, the higher the percentage of renewable energy in the National Grid system. The higher the percentage of renewable energy in the system, the closer we are to achieving a low-carbon economy.
Fuel mix disclosure and Renewable Energy Guarantees of Origin (REGOs)
In 2005, Ofgem introduced a requirement on all electricity suppliers in Great Britain to disclose the mix of fuels used to generate the electricity they supply - coal, gas, nuclear, renewable and other - to current and potential customers. Suppliers that source renewable electricity must hold evidence proving their purchase of the renewable energy. (The Electricity (Fuel Mix Disclosure) Regulations 2005).
Renewable Energy Guarantees of Origin (REGOs) are certificates issued by Ofgem; they are granted when a renewable energy installation is accredited with Ofgem through their Renewables and CHP Register, and provide certification that the energy being supplied has been generated from a renewable source. One REGO certificate is issued to generators of renewable energy per megawatt hour (MWh) of eligible renewable output. REGOs can be used as evidence for suppliers’ Fuel Mix Disclosure. All electricity suppliers should have a fuel mix disclosure on their website, showing where their power comes from.
At F&S Energy, we purchase all of our power directly from UK based renewable generators who pass their REGO certificates to us. We match your company’s consumption with this 100% REGO-backed renewable energy, helping you to demonstrate your company’s commitment to environmentally friendly practices and to reach your low carbon goals.
Greenwashing: Buying REGOS
Greenwashing refers to the practice of making misleading claims about the environmental benefits of a product, service, or company practice, usually with the intention of making a company seem more environmentally friendly than they really are. Companies can use false advertising and loopholes to falsely claim that they supply 100% renewable electricity.
Some companies will source REGOs without actually purchasing the renewable electricity related to them, by simply buying surplus REGOs from suppliers who have already supplied their customers and no longer need them, or they buy REGO equivalents which are accepted by Ofgem from overseas. Suppliers that do this may not actually have any contracts in place with renewable generators, but will still claim that the energy they supply is renewable. F&S Energy vehemently condemns this practice as it damages the potential of green supply offerings to bring about environmental improvement and exploits the customers who have made ethical choices. This is why we buy our energy directly from renewable generators within the UK, and our REGOs are genuine and traded with the renewable energy they relate to.
F&S Energy is proud to deliver locally sourced, genuine renewable electricity, and a service our customers trust.